nucleophilic substitution, slowly.
by the end of today you'll be able to look at a substrate, identify whether SN1 or SN2 is winning, and predict the product without guessing. we'll start with the kinetics, then build up to ambiguous cases.
SN2 is one step, concerted, and stereospecific — the nucleophile attacks the back side and the leaving group leaves in the same motion. That's why tertiary substrates lose: too crowded.